Poland is one of the European countries that attract investors and those seeking residency due to its strong economy and clear legal procedures. Whether you are considering residence in Poland for work, study, or investment purposes, or you are interested in starting a business in Poland, this article provides you with a comprehensive guide on everything you need to know.

Residence in Poland

1. Types of Residence in Poland

There are several types of residence permits available for foreigners in Poland:

• Temporary residence in Poland: Granted for a specified period and can be renewed depending on circumstances.
• Permanent residence in Poland: Granted to individuals who have lived in Poland for an extended period under a temporary permit.
• Residence in Poland for work: Available for individuals who have an official employment contract with a Polish company.
• Residence for study in Poland: For international students enrolled in Polish universities.
• Humanitarian residence in Poland: Granted to individuals in need of humanitarian protection.
• Residence in Poland for investors: Offered to individuals investing in the Polish economy.

2. Conditions for Residence in Poland

To obtain a residence permit in Poland, the following conditions must be met:

• A legal reason for residence, such as an employment contract, university acceptance, or investment.
• Submission of official documents such as a passport, birth certificate, and health insurance.
• Proof of financial capability to live in Poland without government assistance.
• Submission of an official application to the Polish immigration office.

3. How to Apply for Residence in Poland

You can apply for residence in Poland by following these steps:

1. Gather the required documents.
2. Submit the application to the immigration office in your region.
3. Pay the necessary fees.
4. Wait for the application review, which may take several months.
5. Receive a decision on approval or rejection.

4. Differences Between Temporary and Permanent Residence in Poland

• Temporary residence: Granted for a period ranging from one to three years and can be renewed depending on circumstances.
• Permanent residence: Grants the holder rights similar to those of a Polish citizen, except for certain political rights.

5. Cost of Residence in Poland

The cost of residence in Poland depends on the type of permit and the required duration. Generally, fees range between €50 and €200, with additional costs for legal documents and health insurance.

6. Benefits of Residence in Poland

• Ability to travel within the Schengen Area without an additional visa.
• Access to the Polish and European job market.
• Eligibility for healthcare and educational services in Poland.
• Possibility of applying for Polish citizenship after a long-term stay.

Starting a Business in Poland

•  Advantages of Starting a Business in Poland

1. Attractive investment environment in Poland due to low taxes and encouraging regulations.
2. Access to the European market without trade restrictions.
3. Ease of business registration compared to other EU countries.
4. Skilled workforce available at reasonable operational costs.

•  Types of Companies in Poland

When starting a business in Poland, you can choose from several types of companies, including:

• Limited Liability Company (Sp. z o.o.): The most common choice for foreign investors.
• Sole proprietorship: Suitable for small businesses run by one person.
• Joint-stock companies: Suitable for large enterprises requiring significant capital.

• Conditions for Opening a Business in Poland

1. Submitting a company registration application to the National Court Register.
2. Defining initial capital (varies by company type).
3. Appointing a manager or board of directors.
4. Opening a company bank account.
5. Registering for tax purposes and obtaining a NIP number.

•  Steps to Start a Business in Poland

1. Choose the type of company based on business size and activity.
2. Prepare the company’s articles of association and register it legally.
3. Open a bank account and deposit the required capital.
4. Register the company with the National Court Register and tax authorities.
5. Obtain a tax identification number (NIP) and statistical number (REGON).
6. Start business operations after obtaining all necessary permits.

• Cost of Starting a Business in Poland

The costs depend on the company type and administrative expenses:

1. National Court Register registration fees: Approximately €600-1000.
2. Legal documentation and accounting costs: May range between €500 and €2000 annually.
3. Initial capital: For a limited liability company, it starts at 5000 PLN (approximately €1100).

• Taxes on Companies in Poland

1. Corporate Income Tax (CIT): 19%, but a reduced rate of 9% applies to small businesses.
2. Value Added Tax (VAT): 23% on most goods and services.
3. Social security contributions: Required if you employ workers.

 Residence Through Business Establishment in Poland

If you are an investor and wish to obtain residence through investment in Poland, you can apply for a residence permit based on the business activity you run. You must demonstrate that your company generates sufficient profits to cover your personal expenses and provides job opportunities for residents in Poland.

 Online Business Registration in Poland

Poland offers an electronic system that allows business registration online without physical presence. This can be done through:

• Using a certified electronic signature.
• Registering through the Polish government’s electronic system (eKRS).
• Paying fees online and submitting the required documents.

Obtaining residence in Poland and starting a business in Poland are excellent options for individuals seeking new opportunities in Europe. Whether you want to settle in Poland for work purposes or start your own business, this guide helps you make the right decision by understanding the requirements, procedures, and expected costs.

If you are considering moving to Poland or setting up a company there, consulting a specialized lawyer is essential to ensure compliance with Polish laws and maximize available opportunities.